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Saturday, 9 June 2012
Wednesday, 6 June 2012
tiger reserves in india
The Tiger Reserves in India is one of the projects undertaken by the wildlife lovers to protect the Indian tigers. The Tiger Reserves of India from the 70s have undertaken the job to protect the tigers and for this the Project Tiger and Wildlife Protection Act has been put into use. In order to save this predator from the harmful poachers the Tiger Reserves in India have taken up measures. The Project Tiger was launched in the year 1972 for the conservation of tigers. There are a number of tiger reserves enlisted under this project.
Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve:
adhya Pradesh is the home to a rich variety of flora and fauna.
One of the former hunting resorts of the Maharaja of Rewa, the Bandhavgarh National Park is the natural habitat for the elusive White Tigers of India. The White Tigers were first discovered in Rewa and are now a part of the Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh. Composed of rocky terrains, swampy grasslands and dense greenery of Sal forests, Bandhavgarh is the perfect place to watch the spotted predators. Apart from the tigers you can also see the Nilgai, Chausingha, Chital, Chinkara, Wild Boar and Jackals.
Apart from the tigers you can get a glimpse of the Nilgai, Chausingha, Chital, Chinkara, Langurs, Monkeys, Muntjac, Wild Boar and Jackals. Besides this there is also an abundance of reptiles and snakes.
Apart from the animals you can also find a vast array of avian species like Little Grebe, Egret, lesser Adjutant Sarus Crane, Black Ibis, Lesser Whistling Teal, White-eyed Buzzard, Black Kite, Crested Serpent Eagle, Black Vulture, Egyptian Vulture, Common Peafowl, Red Jungle Fowl, Dove, Parakeets, Kingfishers and Indian Rollers.
Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh not only allures people for its fierce tigers but even its green and beautiful forests and offers you a unique retreat which brings you close to nature.
On your tour to Madhya Pradesh take a trip to this wildlife sanctuary of Madhya Pradesh and spend a few days amidst the greenery and serenity of nature.
Bandipur Tiger Reserve:
Located in the Mysore District of Karnataka, the reserve lies adjacent to the Nagarhole National Park, Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary in Tamil Nadu and
Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary in Kerala.
Three rivers flow through the main area of the Bandipur Tiger Resrve, Karnataka. Of these, the Nugu River flows through the middle, while the Moyar River forms the southern boundary between Bandipur and Mudumalai. The third river – Kabini, forms the boundary of Bandipur and Nagarhole Sanctuary. Numerous seasonal rivulets like Wadli, Chammanahalla, Aidasanahattihalla, Hebballa, Warranchi, Chippanahalla and Mavinahalla also flow through Bandipur Tiger Reserve.
Bandipur Tiger Reserve is teeming with rich and varied wildlife and some of the endemic and endangered species of animals spotted here include Tiger, Leopard, Elephant, Gaur, Sambar, Spotted deer, Sloth bear, Mousedeer, Wild dog, Four horned Antelope, Flying Squirrel, Nilgiri Langur, Panther, Crocodiles, Python, Osprey, Pea fowl, etc. The around 1,900-odd elephants at Bandipur Tiger Reserve, Karnataka, form one of the prominent attractions of the Sanctuary.
Dry deciduous scrub, Southern tropical/Dry deciduous & Southern Tropical Moist Mixed deciduous forests constitute the vegetation of the Bandipur Tiger Reserve in Karnataka.
There are some natural and artificial saltlicks available at Bandipur Tiger Reserve and these are happy hunting grounds of the wild animals inhabiting the forests. Bandipu r Sanctuary forms part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve – the first 'Biosphere Reserve' in India
Buxa Tiger Reserve
Buxa Tiger Reserve is nestled in the green foot hills of Dooars Himalayas just tucked near the border of India and Bhutan. Bordered by the Sinchula Range, Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal is one of the beautiful wildlife sanctuaries in West Bengal.Covered with the rich vegetation of Sal forests in the tropical evergreen forests of Buxa, the Tiger Reserve Project started in the year 1982-83. The Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal was declared as a national park in the year 1992.Explore the tropical rainforests of Buxa Tiger Reserve in Buxa in West Bengal which has a rich variety of flora and fauna. From the colorful migratory birds to the fierce predators it is the home to a varied species of animals and unique plants.
Get a glimpse of the Asian Elephant, Tiger, Gaur, Wild boar, Sambar , Indian Tiger, Asian Elephant, Leopard cat, Leopard, Fishing Cat, Leopard Cat, Jungle Cat, Indian Civet, Palm Civet, Wild Dogs, Malayan Giant Squirrels, Mongooses, Bengal Florican, Regal python, Chinese Pangolin, Hispid hare, Hog deer. Many of the animals are endangered species while some are endemic to the region. Besides this there is also an abundance of reptiles and snakes. There are Monitor Lizards and Pythons. Enjoy breathtakingly beautiful views of this wildlife sanctuary of West Bengal on your tour to Buxa Tiger Reserve.
Apart from the animals you can also find a vast array of avian species like Goosanders, Ibis Bill, Fork-tails, Red-stars, Wag-tails, Common Teal, Gargani Teal, Large Whistling Teal, White Eyed Poachared and Hornbills. The forests are intersected by rivers and lakes and the Narathali Lake is the nesting grounds of these migratory birds.Buxa Tiger Reserve in West Bengal not only allures people for its fierce Royal Bengal tigers but even its green and beautiful Sal and teak forests, the warm and fun loving tribal people in the vicinity and offers you a unique retreat which brings you close to nature.
On your tour to West Bengal take a trip to this wildlife sanctuary of West Bengal and spend a few days amidst the greenery and serenity of nature.
Corbett Tiger Reserve
Having earlier been a part of Uttar Pradesh, the Corbett Tiger Reserve now comes under the newly formed state of Uttaranchal in India. A renowned Wildlife Sanctuary, Corbett is home to a wide variety of flora and fauna.The Corbett Tiger Reserve, Uttaranchal boasts of the elite
distinction of being chosen as the venue for the inauguration of Project Tiger in India. The park featured among the nine Tiger Reserves created at the launch of the project. The rich biodiversity of the Reserve is largely attributed to the variety of habitat found here. The location of Corbett Tiger Reserve,Uttaranchal at the foothills of the Central Himalayas results in the abundance of both Himalayan and peninsular flora and fauna in the region.The Corbett Tiger Reserve was always renowned for the Tigers inhabiting the park. The park is a happy hunting ground for Tiger, as well as its preys including four kinds of Deer, Wild Boar and others. Leopards are a commonly found in the hilly terrain of Corbett Reserve. Other animals inhabiting the forests at Corbett Tiger Reserve, Uttaranchal are Elephant, Cheetal, Sambar, Langoor and Rhesus Monkey. Even reptiles like Indian Marsh Crocodiles Or Mugger, Gharials, King Cobra, Common Krait, Cobra, Russel, Python and Monitor Lizard can be spotted.
The Corbett Tiger Reserve is also very rich in avifauna. It has been recorded that over 585 species of native and migratory birds thrive in the region. The varieties include Peacock, Jungle Fowl, Partridges, Kaleej, Crow, Vulture, Parakeets, Laughing Thrush, Orioles, King Fishers, Drongo, Doves, Woodpeckers, Ducks, Teals, Storks, Cormorants and Seagulls.The vegetation at Corbett National Park comprises Northern Moist Deciduous, Northern Tropical Dry Deciduous, and Himalayan Subtropical Pine Forests. The trees commonly found include Sal, Khair, Sissoo, Ber, Kuthber, Bel, Chbilla, Dhak, Semal, Khingan, Kharpat, Rohini, Bakli, Pula and Bamboo.
Dudhwa Tiger Reserve
Dudhwa Tiger Reserve located on the Indo Nepal border is one of the beautiful wildlife destinations of India. Located in the Lakshmipur Kheri district of Uttar Pradesh, Dudhwa Tiger Reserve, Uttar Pradesh is covered with swamps and marshes which make it the home of Barasinghas or the Swamp Deers.Explore a Terai eco system on the banks of Suheli River in Dudhwa Tiger Reserve in Uttar Pradesh which has a rich variety of flora and fauna.
From the colorful migratory birds to the fierce predators it is the home to a varied species of animals and unique plants.Get a glimpse of the one horned Rhinos, leopards, sloth bear, jackal, wild pig and the lesser cats - the fishing cat, leopard cat, jungle cat and civet. Many of the animals are endangered species while some are endemic to the region. Besides this there is also an abundance of reptiles and snakes. Enjoy breathtakingly beautiful views of this wildlife sanctuary of Uttar Pradesh on your tour to Dudhwa Tiger Reserve.
Apart from the animals you can also find a vast array of avian species which are different varieties of owls and storks. You can also get to see woodpeckers, orioles, pittas, kingfishers, minivets and sunbirds. There are 350 species of avian population. The forests are intersected by rivers and lakes and rivulets.
Dudhwa Tiger Reserve, Uttar Pradesh not only allures people for its fierce tigers but even its green and beautiful riverine forests and offers you a unique retreat which brings you close to nature.On your tour to Uttar Pradesh take a trip to this wildlife sanctuary of Uttar Pradesh and spend a few days amidst the greenery and serenity of nature.
Kanha Tiger Reserve
The Kanha Tiger Reserve occupying parts of theMandla and Balaghat districts of Madhya Pradesh, is located in the Maikal hills of the Satpura Ranges. Renowned worldwide for its rich floral and faunal bounty, Kanha is acclaimed as one of the finest national parks in Asia. Kanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh is a sanctuary boasting of abundant and varied wildlife in its most natural setting. Kanha attained the status of a National Park in 1955, and forms the core of the Kanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh created in 1974 under Project Tiger.The river-valley basins, open parkland meadows and grasslands at Kanha form the perfect grazing ground for a wide variety of wild animals.
The most popular draw for tourists visiting Kanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh is undoubtedly – the TIGER. Kanha is the perfect place to spot this ferocious beast, roaming freely in the wilderness of its natural habitat. There are several Tiger Reserves in India, but nowhere can you see tigers as often, and as regularly as in Kanha National Park.
The wildlife spotted at Kanha Tiger Reserve include Leopards, Dholes (Indian wild dog), Indian Bisons, Sambar, Chital, Barking Deer, Black Buck, Chausingha, Nilgai, Monkeys, Mongoose, Mouse Deer, Sloth Bear, Jackal, Porcupine, Hyena, Jungle Cat, Hare, Rock Pythons, and a host of other animals. The park is the only habitat of the near-extinct hard-ground Swamp Deer (‘Barasingha’), and with a little luck, you can even spot this rare species.
Wildlife in Kanha Tiger Reserve also comprises of a wide variety of birds, making the park a much sought-after destination for bird-watchers and ornithologists. Some of the birds spotted commonly are Pea fowls, Storks, Pond Herons, Egrets, Peacock, Partridges, spotted Parakeets, Green Pigeons, Cuckoos, Drongos, etc.
Panna Tiger Reserve
Located centrally on the map of India in Madhya Pradesh, the Panna Tiger Reserve is one of the best in the coun try and most po pul arly visited. Panna is situated in the Vindhyan hill range and spreads over Panna and Chhtarpur districts in the northern part of Madhya Pradesh. Panna is famous for the tigers, the wild cats and the leopards that roam its territories. One of the most significant ecological aspects of the Reserve is that the district Panna makes the northern most boundary of natural distribution of teak and the easter n limits of teak-kardhai mixed forests. Formerly, Panna formed the hunting preserves of the erstwhile rulers of Panna, Chhatarpur and Bijawar princely states.The Panna Tiger Reserve spreads over 543 sq km.Panna Tiger Reserve was created in 1981 and was declared a Project Tiger Reserve in 1994, being the 22nd in the country and fifth in the state. The Panna Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh consists of areas from the former Gangau Wildlife Sanctuary created in 1975.
Flora and Fauna in Panna
The forest types in Panna are mostly Southern Tropical Dry Deciduous Dry Teak Forest, Northern Tropical Dry Deciduous Mixed Forest and Dry Deciduous Scrub Forest. The wildlife in Panna can be largely classified as the following:
Mammals : Tiger, Jungle Cat, Leopard, Hyena, Wild Dog, Wolf, Sloth Bear, Sambar, Spotted Deer or Chital, Blue Bull or Nilgai, Chinkara, Fourhorned Antelope or Chausinga, Porcupine, Jungle Cat, Rusty Spotted Cat, Hare, Ratel and Tree shrew.
Avifauna : Over 200 species have been identified, which include a host of winter migratory birds.
Reptiles : Long Snouted Crocodile (gharial) and Marsh Crocodile (mugger) are found in the Ken river.
Pench Tiger Reserve
Pench Tiger Reserve is one of the beautiful wildlife destinations of Western India. Famous as the setting for Rudyard Kipling’s Jungle Book, Pench Tiger Reserve, Maharashtra is the ideal destination for its rich variety of flora and fauna. Nestled amidst the sprawling greenery covering both Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra, it is one of the major tourist attractions.
Get a glimpse of the one horned gaur, Sambhar, Chinkara, Chitals, blue bulls, macaque, langur, wild boar, bears and wild dogs, deers and leopards, tigers and civets. Many of the animals are endangered species while some are endemic to the region. Besides this there is also an abundance of reptiles and snakes. Enjoy breathtakingly beautiful views of this wildlife sanctuary of Maharashtra on your tour to Pench Tiger Reserve.Apart from the animals you can also find a vast array of avian species like Peafowl, Red jungle fowl, Crow pheasant, Crimson breasted barbet, Red vented bulbul, Racket tailed drongo and Magpie robin and lesser whistling teal. There are 210 species of avian population. The forests of Pench are intersected by rivers and lakes and rivulets.
Pench Tiger Reserve in Maharashtra not only allures people for its fierce tigers but even its green and beautiful riverine forests and offers you a unique retreat which brings you close to nature.
On your tour to Maharashtra take a trip to this wildlife sanctuary of Maharashtra and spend a few days amidst the greenery and serenity of nature.
Periyar Tiger Reserve
Set high in the mountains of the Western Ghats at the border to Tamil Nadu, the Periyar Tiger Reserve ranks as one of the major tiger reserves in India. Lying in Idukki District of the Kerala state, Periyar is a repository of natural beauty – replete with great scenic charm and rich bio diversity.
Periyar Tiger Reserve, Kerala is spread over a wide expanse of about 780 sq. km. along the river Periyar, and the Sanctuary was declared a Tiger Reserve in the year 1978, with the aim to saving the endangered species of tiger in the country. A treasure-house of rare, endemic and endangered flora and fauna, Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary forms the major watershed of the rivers Periyar and Pamba in Kerala.Teeming with rich and diverse wildlife, Periyar Tiger Reserve is one of the most captivating wildlife sanctuaries in the world. The Reserve is reportedly home to about 49 species of mammals, 265 species of birds, 36 species of reptiles, 12 species of amphibians, 35 species of fishes and 160 species of butterflies. The lush green forest at Periyar Tiger Reserve, Kerala has a beautiful lake right at the center, which meanders along the contours of the wooded slopes, serving as a perennial source of water for the wildlife population.
The population of tigers at Periyar Tiger Reserve, Kerala is on the rise and they are found in all types of habitats even if the density is much less in the evergreen forests. Though Periyar is titled a Tiger Reserve, spotting one is difficult here, because of the thick vegetation.
Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary is prime elephant country and you can witness herds of playful elephants roaming freely or bathing and swimming at the Periyar Lake. Other animals commonly spotted at Periyar include Gaur (Indian bison), Sambar, Leopard, Wild Dog, Barking Deer, Lion Tailed Macaque, Nilgiri Langur, etc. Elusive species like Nilgiri tahrs (a kind of a wild goat) also form an integral part of the attractions in Periyar Tiger Reserve in Kerala.
The Sanctuary at Periyar is also home to several species of birds like Cormorants, Darters, Kingfishers, great Malabar Hornbill and racket-tailed Drongos. The reptiles frequenting the Periyar Tiger Reserve, Kerala include Monitor Lizards, Python and Cobra.
The perfect way to explore Periyar Tiger Reserve is through motorboat cruises on the lake or from watchtowers. One can even enjoy a ride on the elephant back and watch the enchanting wildlife from close quarters.
Ranthambore Tiger Reserve
Ranthambore Tiger Reserve is one of the famous tiger reserves in India which is the ideal destination for wildlife buffs. The Ranthambore Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan situated amidst the Vindhyan Range and the Aravallis was primarily the hunting resort of the erstwhile Jaipur royalty.
Apart from the tigers you can get a glimpse of the Sambar, Chital, Nilgai, Gazzelle, Boars, Mongoose and Indian Hare. Besides this there is also an abundance of reptiles and snakes. You can see the Monitor Lizards in the forests of Ranthambore in Rajasthan. Enjoy breathtakingly beautiful views of this wildlife sanctuary of Rajasthan on your tour to Ranthambore Tiger Reserve.
Apart from the animals you can also find a vast array of avian species like treepies, babblers, woodpeckers, parakeets, lapwings, partridges and the Indian Peafowl. The forests of Ranthambore are intersected by rivers and lakes and rivulets.
Ranthambore Tiger Reserve not only allures people for its fierce tigers but even its green and beautiful forests and offers you a unique retreat which brings you close to nature.
On your tour to Rajasthan take a trip to this wildlife sanctuary of Rajasthan and spend a few days amidst the greenery and serenity of nature.
Sariska Tiger Reserve
The Sariska Tiger Reserve is a renowned Wildlife Sanctuary situated among the Aravalli hills in the Alwar district of Rajasthan state. One of the most visited parks in India - Sariska National Park was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1958 and came under the "Project Tiger" as a tiger reserve in 1979. Tourists flock to the reserve in large numbers as the region is easily accessible from major cities like Delhi and Jaipur.
Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan occupies a total area of about 800 sq. km, with the core area being approximately 500 sq. km. The Northern Aravali Hills form an enchanting backdrop, featuring sharp cliffs and long valleys.The abundant occurrence of a wide variety of wildlife at Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan is an excellent example of ecological adoption and tolerance, for the climate here is variable and erratic.
Sariska is prime tiger country, with the terrain chiefly comprising of undulating plateau lands and wide valleys. The topography of Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan supports scrub-thorn arid forests, dry deciduous forests, rocks and grasses. The flora growing at the park includes Dhok – found predominantly in the region, Bamboo, Boswellia serreta, Lannea coromandelica, Kattha and a host of other varieties.
Besides tiger, the Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan is home to an enchanting variety of fauna, namely Spotted Deer, Sambar, Blue Bull, Tiger, Leopard, Caracal, Rusty Spotted Cat, Jungle Cat, Four-horned Antelope, Wild Boar, Jackal, Hyena, and others. Sariska is also well known as the habitat of Rhesus Monkeys, which are commonly found around Talvriksh.Avifauna at Sariska park include Peafowl, Grey Partridge, Bush Quail, Sand Grouse, Tree Pie, Golden backed Woodpecker, crested Serpent Eagle and The Great Indian horned Owl.
During mornings and evenings, the wild beasts in Sariska Tiger Reserve are known to head towards the numerous water holes lying scattered throughout the park. These times provide the best chances for visitors to spot rare wildlife from close quarters.
Sunderbans Tiger Reserve
The world’s largest delta and mangrove swamp – Sunderbans Tiger Reserve, West Bengal is formed by the confluence of the rivers Ganga, Brahmaputra and Meghna. Sprawled over an area of 2,585 sq. km, Sunderbans is the largest estuarine sanctuary in the world, and home to some of India’s most interesting wildlife.
The littoral forest at Sunderbans Tiger Reserve, West Bengal marks the only ecological habitat of the tiger of its kind not only in India, but also in the world except in Bangladesh. The forests at Sunderbans house a wide variety of trees typically thriving in estuarine conditions of high salinity, lack of soil erosion and regular inundation by high tides. The tidal forms and mangrove forests in Sunderbans Tiger Reserve provide habitats suitable for animals inhabiting tidal swamp areas. Several aquatic and semi-aquatic animals inhabit these forests and their life-systems are inter-related with the animals inhabiting the land areas.Sprawled over a vast expanse of densely forested islands and saline water bodies, Sunderbans Tiger Reserve, West Bengal is home to an enchanting variety of Wild animals including spotted deer, wild pigs, monkeys, herons, kingfishers, white bellied eagles and about 270 Royal Bengal Tigers.
The tigers of Sunderbans Tiger Reserve, West Bengal are known to be mostly man-eaters. The uniqueness of the habitat and the lack of suitable prey are believed to have contributed to such unique behavioral trends of Sunderbans tiger. The man-eating trait is considered to have been hereditarily acquired over a period of generations in the process of consumption of saline water.
The forests at Sunderbans Tiger Reserve also provide habitations to the Estuarine Crocodile, Salvator Lizard (Water Monitor), River Terrapin and Horse Shoe or King Crab. Endangered marine turtles like Olive Ridley, Green Turtle and Hawk's Bill Turtles are also found here. A number of Trans-Himalayan migratory birds can also be spotted at Sunderbans Tiger Reserve, West Bengal.
Nagarjunsagar Tiger Reserve
The Nagarjunsagar Tiger Reserve is the largest Tiger Reserve in India. It sprawls over an area of 3568 sq km and covers over five districts of central Andhra Pradesh. The sanctuary lies in the catchments area of the Krishna River in the state, and nestled in the Nallamalai Hill ranges.
Nagarjunsagar Tiger Reserve is one of the Project Tiger Reserves in India. The prime purpose of forming the Nagarjunsagar Tiger Reserve was protection and conservation of tigers. The sanctuary was declared a Tiger Reserve in the year 1983.The land vegetation of Nagarjunsagar Tiger Reserve is tropical dry deciduous forest. There is a variety of flora here that includes rare plants like Niebuhria apetala, Cissus vitiginea, Ziziphus xylopyrus, and Pterolobium indicum. Besides the dry deciduous forest, you can witness anything from plain vegetation to scrub jungle to thorn forest in the sanctuary.
There are a plethora of animals and birds at Nagarjunsagar Tiger Reserve in Andhra Pradesh. Fauna includes animals like tiger, leopard, jungle cat, wild dog, wolf, jackal, Bengal fox, sloth bear, four-horned antelope, sambar, spotted deer, nilgai, blackbuck, chinkara, Indian pangolin, etc. The sanctuary is also home to nearly 150 species of avifauna such as the grey hornbill and the peafowl. Among the reptiles, you may view the Indian soft-shelled turtle, Indian python, monitor lizard, and marsh crocodile at the sanctuary.
You can reach Nagarjunsagar wildlife sanctuary in comfortably by air, rail, and road. The nearest airport is at Hyderabad, 316 km away from Srisailam. An extensive network of rail and road connects the sanctuary to all parts of the state.
During your visit to Nagarjunsagar Tiger Reserve in Andhra Pradesh, you can enjoy a comfortable stay at the three forest rest houses/temple cottages present in the forest area. The prevailing climate of this region is hot and dry. Hence, the sanctuary should be ideally visited in the winter season, when the climate remains pleasant.
Manas Tiger Reserve
The Manas Tiger Reserve is nestled on the northern bank of River Brahmaputra. The sanctuary sprawls over the districts of Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari, Kamrup and Darrang. The core-zone of the Reserve is the Manas National Park, while the rest is a collection of 18 Reserved Forests interspersed by revenue villages.
Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam is home to several species of flora such as Shorea robusta, Artocarpus Chaplasha, Bombax ceiba, Careya arborea, Chukrasia tabularis, Dillenia pentagyna, Lagestroemia parviflora, etc. There are also rare plants like Reinwardia indica, Desmoduim motoruim, Biden pilore, Exacum teres, Pygmaeoprema herbacea, etc identified in the sanctuary.
There are a plethora of animals at Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam. The main faunal species that you can witness at the sanctuary are Tiger, capped Langoor, Black Panther, Assamese Macaque, Rhesus Macaque, Large Indian Civet, Himalayan Palm Civet, Common Mongoose, Small Indian Mongoose, Jackal, Indian Fox, Leopard Cat, Golden Cat, Asian Elephant, Indian Pangolin, one-horned rhinoceros, etc.
During your visit to the Manas Tiger Reserve , you can enjoy a comfortable stay at the various hotels near the sanctuary. The best time to visit the sanctuary is between the months of November and April.
You can reach Manas Tiger Reserve conveniently by air, rail, and road. The nearest airport is 5 km away at Borjhar, while the closest railhead is located at Barpeta road. An extensive network of roads connects the sanctuary to different parts of the state.
Valmiki Tiger Reserve
The Valmiki Tiger Reserve is positioned in the northern most part of the West Champaran district of the state. Dotted with steep ravines, sharp ridges and vertical walls, the sanctuary is marked by broken, undulating, and highly fragile geological formations.
Valmiki Tiger Reserve in Bihar is one of the Project Tiger Reserves in India. The prime purpose of forming the Valmiki Tiger Reserve was the protection and conservation of tigers. The sanctuary was set up in the year 1990 as the 18th Tiger Reserve of the country and second in Bihar.Valmiki Tiger Reserve is home to several species of flora such as Sal, Asan, Karama, Semal, Khair, Cane, Jamun, Siccharrum, Mahulan, Piper, and Lagun. Major forest types existing in the sanctuary are Sal forests, West Gangetic Moist Mixed Deciduous Forest, Eastern Wet Alluvial Grassland, Barringtonia Swamp Forest, etc
There is a plethora of animals at Valmiki Tiger Reserve . Apart from the Tiger, the faunal species include the Leopard, Fishing Cat, Leopard Cat, Spotted Deer, Sambar, Hog Deer, Black Buck, Gaur, wolf, serow, hyenas, Indian civets, Jungle cats, wild dogs Sloth Bear, langoor, Rhesus Macaque, etc. You will also come across birds like the peafowl and reptiles like the python at the sanctuary.
During your visit to the Valmiki Tiger Reserve you can enjoy a comfortable stay at the various hotels near the sanctuary. You can reach the sanctuary conveniently by air, rail, and road. The nearest airport is 295 km away at Patna, while Valmiki Nagar (5 km) is the closest railhead. From Valmiki Nagar, you can avail of buses to reach the nearest town Bettiah (80 km).
Tadoba Tiger Reserve
The Tadoba Tiger Reserve renowned for its natural heritage, is gifted with rich biodiversity. Sprawling over an area of 625.40 sq km, this distinctive eco-system is positioned in the Chandrapur district of Maharashtra.
Tadoba Tiger Reserve in Maharashtra is one of the Project Tiger Reserves in India. The prime purpose of forming the Tadoba Tiger Reserve was protection and conservation of tigers. The sanctuary, set up in the year 1995, is the second Tiger Reserve in Maharashtra.
The land vegetation of Tadoba Tiger Reserve is Southern Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest. The sanctuary is home to several species of flora such as Teak, Ain, Bija, Dhauda, Haldu, Salai, Semal, Tendu and bamboo.
There are a plethora of animals at Tadoba Tiger Reserve in Maharashtra. Apart from tiger, the various species of fauna spotted in the sanctuary are Leopard, Sloth Bear, Gaur, Rusty Spotted Cat, Ratel, Indian mouse deer, Spotted deer, Sambar, Wild Boar, Four-horned antelope, Wild dog, Flying Squirrel, etc.
During your visit to the Tadoba Tiger Reserve you can enjoy a comfortable stay at the Rest houses, Guest house, Holiday home and a Youth hostel near the sanctuary. The best time to visit the sanctuary is between the months of November and February.
You can reach the Tadoba Tiger Reserve conveniently by air, rail, and road. The nearest airport is 205 km away at Nagpur, while the closest railhead is Chandrapur (45 km). You can also avail of State transport buses from Chandrapur to reach the sanctuary.
Melghat Tiger Reserve
Melghat Tiger Reserve is one of the famous tiger reserves in India which is the ideal destination for wildlife buffs. Nestled amidst the green and rough terrains of the Satpuras on the Gavilgarh Hill, Melghat Tiger Reserve allures wildlife lovers from all over.
Declared as a Tiger Reserve in the year 1974, Melghat Tiger Reserve Madhya Pradesh is one of the most unique wildlife sanctuaries of India. The rough terrains and ravines give it a natural protection from the poachers. Spread over 1677 sq kms, the Melghat Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh is the home to a rich variety of flora and fauna and even the majestic predators of the jungle the tigers.River Tapi flows through the northern end of this Tiger Reserve of Madhya Pradesh and this forest even falls in the catchment area of rivers. Acres of tropical dry deciduous forests of Melghat in Madhya Pradesh are also the home of Gaurs or Indian Bisons, monkeys, sloth bears and flying squirrels.
Best Time to Visit Melghat Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh: The Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary remains open from October to June but safaris are only allowed from December to June and there are greater chances of sighting the tigers during the summer seasons.
Best Time to Visit Melghat Tiger Reserve : The Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary remains open from October to June but safaris are only allowed from December to June and there are greater chances of sighting the tigers during the summer seasons.
Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve
Tadhoba Andhari Tiger reserve is located in Chandrapur district in the Vidharba region of eastern Maharashtra. It is 142 km south east of Nagpur and 45 km north of Chandrapur.This reserve is located in the centre of India. It became national park in 1955 and notified in 1986. It was declared as tiger reserve in 1995.It is named after temple near Tadoba lake dedicated to the local Gond warrior Taru who died fighting a tiger. There are six villages still inside the reserve and numerous villages surrounding the park.
Tadhoba is a southern tropical dry deciduous forest of Deccan Peninsula. There are teak forests with bamboo thickets and other indigenous trees like mahua, ain, dhawda, tenndu and jamun.It is a well managed park with full protection for the animals. It covers the hilly area of Chimur Hills. Tadoba Lake at the central of the reserve is a perennial water source for the region.
There are 195 species of birds including crested serpent eagle, honey buzzard, paradise fly catcher. The mammals include tigers, panther, bear, small Indian civet, palm civet, wild dog etc. There are more than 70 varieties of spiders and butterflies including other insects. Tadoba's biggest offer are the frequent and diverse wildlife sightings which is every wild lifer's dream.
Bandipur Mudumalai National Park
Along the Mysore-Ooty Highway at the foothills of the Nilgiris lies India's best elephant country. The Bandipur National Park (Karnataka) and the Mudumalai wildlife sanctuary (TamilNadu) are administered separately yet form the component of a single spectacular ecological continuum that also includes Nagarhole (Karnataka) and Wayanad (in Kerala).
Bandipur and Mudumalai are located in the lower reaches of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve which is part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot.The reserve was expanded to 874 sq km in 1973 to become Bandipur National park and Tiger Reserve. The Mudumalai Sanctuary was set up in 1940 .It has the distinction of being the first sanctuary in Southern India. Covering a stretch of 60 sq km initially the sanctuary was expanded to 295 sq km by 1956and thereafter to its present size of 321 sq.km.
This area receives two monsoons: the south-west (Jun-Sep) and north-east (Oct-Nov).A brief cool dry season (Dec-Jan) is followed by summer (Feb-May).This region has a moderate climate all year round and can be visited in any season. Wildlife sightings are fewer in summer compared to other seasons.
Both Bnadipur and Mudumalai attract tourism as the forest dept has trekking routes inside the parks and organizes safaris as well. Rides into the parks on especially laid-out dirt roads called game-roads which usually pass along the grazing areas, salt licks and water holes offer stunning views of wildlife. Most of the animals like deer, gaur, elephant and langur can be seen from close quarters. Short jungle rides on elephant back are available at Bandipur in the morning and evening. One can see Theppakadu elephant camp at Mudumalai which has as many 25 elephants. They work in the forest, log timber and do other forest activities.
Moyar Gorge or Mysore Ditch is located at the Bandipur side of the forest .The watch tower offers beautiful view of the gorge and the Moyar Falls. The Sigur Plateau on the Tamil Nadu side has extensive scrub and bamboo forests. One can also admire incredible views at Bison Valley Viewpoint on the Mysore-Ooty Road.
The Park has cheetal, langur, gaur and elephants which are frequently sighted. The wild dog is the more visible predator. Though sightings of tiger and leopards are not frequent, evidence of their pugmarks and droppings is common. The park is also home to 250 species of birds, including the Malabar pied hornbill, heart-spotted woodpecker and trogon.
Namdapha National Park
The eastern-most Tiger Reserve in the country, Namdapha National Park lies in the Eastern Himalayas, adjacent to the Myanmar border in the North-East. An unpredictable place which is why a visit there is an experience of a life-time.Namdapha Tiger Reserve is spread almost on 2000 sq km of mainly uninhabited tropical forest and contains habitats from riverbanks to the snow-covered peaks of Daphabum.It is home to all the four species of large cats- the tiger, the leopard, the clouded leopard and the snow leopard. It started as a Reserve Forest and was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1972.In 1983 it was declared a National park and a tiger reserve under the Project Tiger scheme.Some tribes Lisus, Singphos, Khamptis and Tangsas live in the vicinity of the reserve. At least 90 mammal species including tiger, leopard, wild boar, wild dog, macaque, and gibbon are found in the park. The leaf deer world's smallest deer that stands just 20 inches at the shoulder and weighs about 12kg is the recent discovery in the region. At least 400 bird species including white winged wood duck, Blyth's kingfisher, Austen's spotted babbler, wedge-billed wren, rusty-bellied short wing, white -tailed eagle and scarlet finch are most prominent. The area is famous for snakes and amphibians with over 70 species.
An Inner Line Permit is required for all Indians to enter the state. Foreigners require Restricted Area Permit which can be obtained from Indian Embassy/consulates abroad, the Home Ministry or the Home Commissioner, Government of Arunchal Pradesh.The most common entry to the park is from the M'pen Checkpost about 11 km away.The tourist accommodation are located across the river from each other at Deban 28 km from Miao.Campsites are established at Halidibari, Hornbill, Bulbulia and Rani Jheel inside. The other access point is through the Lisu Village at Gandhigram.
Kaziranga National Park
Kaziranga National Park, the oldest in Assam lies partly in Golaghat District and partly in Nagaon District of Assam. It covers an area of 430 Sq. Km. IT is the best home of the Great Indian one horned rhinoceros. The landscape of Kaziranga is of sheer forest, tall elephant grass, rugged reeds, marshes & shallow pools. Kaziranga has been declared as National Park in 1974.Kaziranga National Park is one of the most famous wildlife reserves of India. This Park was first established in the year 1908 and subsequently declared a National park in the year 1974. In 1908, the park had only about a dozen Rhinos.
Mihimukh is the starting point for the park and Elephants can be hired from here to enter the park. Jeep safaris and early morning Elephant rides is arranged at the Government Tourist Centre.
Wild Life in Kaziranga National Park:
The famous One Horned Rhinos. The park also have other animals like the Bengal Tiger, Wild Buffalo, Swamp Deer, Hog Deer, Wild Boar, Hoolok Gibbon, Capped Langur and Badger (Ratel).a wide varieties of Snakes including the Rock Python and the Monitor Lizard are found in this park.. Amongst the Birds, the Crested Serpent Eagle, Palla’s Fishing Eagle and Grey Headed Fishing Eagle,Great Adjutant Stork,Crane, Bengal Floricab, Bar-Headed Goose, Whistling Teal and Pelican are commonly seen.
Kalakkadu Wildlife Sanctuary
Kalakkadu Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in an area of 223sq.kms all in the Tirunelveli district. The flora range from forests of tropical wet evergreen to tropical dry deciduous and thorn forests.Lion-tailed macaque,nilgiri langur,bonnet macaque and common langur,Nilgiri tahr,sambar,sloth bear,gaur,elephant,tiger,flying squirrel,panther,wild dog, pangolin are some of the wildlife seen in the sanctuary.
Besides a wide range of birds and reptiles can be seen. This sanctuary is situated in an extensive preserve declared as a Project Tiger Reserve.
Annamalai Wildlife Sanctuary
Annamalai Sanctuary, Coimbatore, India is one of the most striking preserves of nature in the State of Tamil Nadu. It is also popular by the name of India Gandhi national Park. Situated in the Western Ghats close to Pollachi, Annamalai Sanctuary of Coimbatore is about 90 kms away from Coimbatore. This wildlife sanctuary stretches across nearly 958-square kms of terrain. The Annamalai Sanctuary in Coimbatore is nothing short of an ecological heaven.
Annamalai Sanctuary, Coimbatore is easily accessible via road, rail and air. Regular bus service is available from Palani and Coimbatore to Pollachi, which is closest to the sanctuary. Two buses ply a day from Pollachi that would take you to the Annamalai Sanctuary at Coimbatore. You may also hire taxis from Pollachi for the purpose. Rail travelers can also make Pollachi their target as trains link this place to Dindigul and Coimbatore. Air travelers would do well to remember that the nearest airport is the Peelamedu airport, 10 kms away from the city of Coimbatore.Coimbatore Annamalai Sanctuary houses a variety of fauna like Elephant, Panther, Gaur, Sloth Bear, Wild Bear, Porcupine, Tiger, Deer, Wild Dog, Jackal, Civet Cat, Flying Squirrel, Pangolin in addition to birds like Red Tree Pie, Rocket-tailed Drongo, Spotted Dove, Whiskered Bulbul, Pigeon, Black Headed Oriole etc. Annamalai Sanctuary in Coimbatore has a reservoir too (called the Amaravati reservoir) which contains several crocodiles.
Annamalai Wildlife Sanctuary offers numerous places of enchanting scenic beauty. Some of them like the Grass hills, Anaikunthi Shola, groves, Karianshola, waterfalls, reservoirs and dams, teak forests etc draw huge footfalls. You may also avail of arrangements like the van or elephant back to explore this sanctuary.Travelers coming to Annamalai Wildlife Sanctuary are advised to carry dull-colored clothes that are easy-to-wear. Some other things that should be an integral part of their baggage consist of cotton socks, torch, insect repellants, a pair of canvas shoes/sneakers, leech lotions, headgear and anti- sunscreen.
Wild Life in Anamalai Wildlife Sanctuary
This sanctuary is home to animals like lion-tailed macaque, bonnet macaque, common langur, Nilgris langur, Malabar giant squirrel and grizzled giant squirrel. Other animals are tiger,panther,elephant,gaur,pangolin,sambar,spotted dear, barking deer, mouse deer, wild boar,dhole,sloth bear,porcupine,Nilgiri tahr,civet car and toddy cat. It also includes avi-fauna like the racket-tailed drongo, black headed oriole, paradise catcher, whistling thrush, emerald dove, green pigeon, Tickell’s flower peckar, rutus woodpecker, rose-winged parakeet, black eagle, great Indian Malabar pied hornbill, fairy bluebird and green-billed malkhoha etc.An ecological paradise, covering an area of 108 sq.kms this hill forest boasts of thick growth of trees, folds of terrain with evergreen shoals. About 800 species out of 2000 south Indian flora are distributed here.
Rajaji National Park
Rajaji National Park is distinct for its pristine scenic beauty and rich bio-diversity. A paradise for nature lovers and wildlife enthusiasts, the wildlife of the park is blessed with elephants, tigers, leopards, deers and ghorals as its best known life forms. Three sancturies in the Uttaranchal, Shivaliks - Rajaji, Motichur and Chila were amalgamated into a large protected area and named Rajaji National Park in the year 1983 after the famous freedom fighter Late Sri C. Rajgopalachari; popularly known as "Rajaji"The Park spans over an area of 820sq. Km which includes Rajaji, Motichur and Chilla wildlife sanctuaries, parts of Dehradun, Siwalik and Lansdowne Forest Divisions. These three sanctuaries were amalgamated in 1983 to Rajaji National Park, named after the Late Raja Gopal Chariya. The majestic Ganges flows through the National Park for a distance of 24km, besides the innumerable streams and brooks making it rich and diverse. It offers ample opportunities to nature lovers to enjoy the captivating landscape and wildlife.
Rajaji is thickly foliated predominantly by the Sal Forest and a number of other forest types which include the Western Gangetic Moist and Northern dry Deciduous and Khair-Sissoo forests. Low Alluvial Savannah Woodlands cover the drier southern margins of the park, in contrast to the Siwalik Chir-Pine on the high reaches of the hills.The park is home to the Cheetal, hog deer, barking deer, Sambar deer, wild boar, antelopes such as the Nilgai, Goral and of course the Asian Elephant.
. This area is the North Western Limit of Asian elephants. Spread over an area of 820.42 sq km, Rajaji is a magnificient ecosystem nestled in the Shivalik ranges and the beginning of the vast Indo–Gangetic plains, thus representing vegetation of several distinct zones and forest types like sal forests, reverine forests, board–leaved mixed forests, scrubland and grassy. It posseses as many as 23 species of mammals and 315 bird species.The abundance of nature’s bounties heaped in and around this park, are bound to attract a large number of wildlife conservationalists, nature lovers and eco-friends to visit this most breathtaking wilderness area.Rajaji National Park is situated along the hills and foothills of Shivalik ranges in the Himalayan foothills and represents the Shivalik eco-system. On the map it is located between Haridwar (Latitude 290 56’ 40”) and Dehradun (Latitude 300 20’ North) and 790 80’ E Longitude (Dehradun 780 01’ 15” E (Ramgarh), Chillawali- 770 54’ 30” East)
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Nandankanan Biological Park
Nandankanan Biological Park is one of the finest large Zoo of India located amidst a beautiful natural setting. Unlike conventional zoos, it spreads over vast 4.00 Sq.Km of undulating topography with natural moist deciduous forest, water bodies and other natural features that provides the zoo inhabitants an appropriate ambience to live in harmony with the nature. It was dedicated to the public on 29th December 1960. It is having a state of art Aquarium and a Botanical garden as an integral part of it. More than 1.6 million visitors visit the zoo every year. There are 1253 animals and birds captivity belonging to 124 species. Most of the inmates live in open, large moated areas surrounded by natural vegetation. This gives them a feeling of living close to their natural habitat. The mission of Nandankanan Zoological Park is to; achieve the distinction of an Outstanding Zoo through World Class Conservation, Education, Research and Exciting visitor experiences by connecting people to wildlife and biodiversity conservation.Nandankanan Biological Park is one of the finest large Zoo of India located amidst a beautiful natural setting. Unlike conventional zoos, it spreads over vast 4.00 Sq.Km of undulating topography with natural moist deciduous forest, water bodies and other natural features that provides the zoo inhabitants an appropriate ambience to live in harmony with the nature. It was dedicated to the public on 29th December 1960. It is having a state of art Aquarium and a Botanical garden as an integral part of it. More than 1.6 million visitors visit the zoo every year. There are 1253 animals and birds captivity belonging to 124 species. Most of the inmates live in open, large moated areas surrounded by natural vegetation. This gives them a feeling of living close to their natural habitat. The mission of Nandankanan Zoological Park is to; achieve the distinction of an Outstanding Zoo through World Class Conservation, Education, Research and Exciting visitor experiences by connecting people to wildlife and biodiversity conservation.Madhav National Park
Madhav National Park is situated in Shivpuri district of Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh.Set up in 1959 this park is spread over an area of 354 sq km and has a varied terrain of forested hills and flat grasslands.The predominant wildlife of the park includes the deer of which the most easily sighted are the graceful little chinkara or Indian gazelle and the chital. Other species that inhabit the park are nilgai, sambar, chausingha or four -horned antelope, black buck, sloth bear, leopard and the common langur.
The artificial lake Chandpata is the winter home to many migratory birds.Chandpata was actually a dam built by the Scindia rulers who treated Shivpuri as their summer capital.In the boat club on the lake one can easily hear the continuous raag of the jhingur interspersed with the occasional call of the owl. This National Park has a varied terrain of forested hills and flat grasslands around the lake. It is very rich in Biodiversity.
Early morning drives through the forest takes one to a meeting with the tigers.They live in a 10 km enclosure and usually know when food is being served. There are so many hundreds of chinkara and cheetal inside the park that it almost seems overpopulated.
B.R Hills
The Biligirirangan hills meaning White Mountains in Kannada popularly known as B.R Hills in Chamarajnagar district near Bangalore are named after weather -beaten white granite cliff faces the area. Located at a height of 3,350 to 5000 ft above sea-level, this sanctuary was established in 1974.
The wooded valleys and streams provide a soothing backdrop while the high altitude and rounding forest give this area a unique blend of a wildlife sanctuary set amid a hill station. The drive to B.R Hills is itself picturesque with short roads flanked by lots of greenery meandering up to the hill.
The facilities include a jeep safari, trekking with a guide and elephant rides. Being in the heart of the forest without any fencing one can enjoy the true feel of the jungle. The jungle has a rich variety of flora and fauna. The hills are every bird lover's haven. There are different kinds of water birds like grebes, teals, ibis, herons and storks. The mammals seen here include the jungle cat, jackal, barking deer and mongoose.Gaur, sambar and chital too are sighted. Leopards and tigers inhibit these forests and if you are lucky you could actually spot one on the safari.
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steps to save tiger
Over the past century the number of tigers in India has fallen from about 40,000 to less than 4,000 (and possibly as few as 1,500). Relentless poaching and clearing of habitat for agriculture have been the primary drivers of this decline, though demand for tiger skins and parts for "medicinal" purposes has become an increasingly important threat in recent years.
However the news is not all bad. Research published last year showed that if protected and given sufficient access to abundant prey, tiger populations can quickly stabilize. With India's large network of protected areas and continued funding from conservation groups like the Wildlife Conservation Society, the findings provide hope that tigers can avoid extinction in the wild.
The biggest threat to tigers in India is depletion of their chief prey like deer, wild pigs and wild cattle by local people. As a result although about 300,000 square kilometers of tiger habitat still remains, much of it is empty of tigers because there is not enough food for them to survive and breed successfully.
One important thing that you can do is learn as much about tigers as you can, and teach others about the threats they face. You can do reports at school, or just talk to your friends and family. As people learn more about tigers, they will try harder to protect them.
Another thing that you can do is raise money for a tiger conservation organization – on your own, or as a school or scout-group project. Although most of us cannot go out and protect wild tigers ourselves, we can support some of the organizations and researchers who are working to save tigers. Save The Tiger Fund helps the world's best tiger conservationists to work throughout the world.
For one thing, don`t buy tiger products like tiger fur or teeth because people kill tigers to sell these products. Also, help protect the envirorment, because if we don`t stop hurting the environment, the only tigers left in the world would be in captivity. By not cutting trees of the forests and when we see people cutting trees we should stop them
The tiger is not just a charismatic species. It’s not just a wild animal living in some forest either. The tiger is a unique animal which plays a pivotal role in the health and diversity of an ecosystem. It is a top predator and is at the apex of the food chain and keeps the population of wild ungulates in check, thereby maintaining the balance between prey herbivores and the vegetation upon which they feed. Therefore the presence of tigers in the forest is an indicator of the well being of the ecosystem. The extinction of this top predator is an indication that its ecosystem is not sufficiently protected, and neither would it exist for long thereafter.
If the tigers go extinct, the entire system would collapse. For e.g. when the Dodos went extinct in Mauritius, one species of Acacia tree stopped regenerating completely. So when a species goes extinct, it leaves behind a scar, which affects the entire ecosystem. Another reason why we need to save the tiger is that our forests are water catchment areas.
When we protect one tiger, we protect about a 100 sq. km of area and thus save other species living in its habitat. Therefore, it’s not just about saving a beautiful animal. It is about making sure that we live a little longer as the forests are known to provide ecological services like clean air, water, pollination, temperature regulation etc. This way, our planet can still be home to our children.
1.)Spread the word: Go out loud and tell others that tigers are dying and that they need our help. You can form forums (or join existing ones) on the web for discussions and exchange views on tiger conservation. Reach school going children. WWF can help you in this regard.
2.)Be a responsible tourist: The wilderness is to be experienced and not to be disturbed and polluted. Follow the forest department guidelines when visiting any wilderness area, tiger reserve in particular. As the saying goes ‘Don’t leave thing anything behind except foot steps, and don’t take anything except memories.’
Write to the policy makers: If you are really concerned and feel that more needs to be done for tiger conservation, then write polite letters to the decision makers - the Prime Minister, the Minister for Environment and Forests or even your local MP.
3.)Informing the nearest police station: If you know of any information on poaching or trade of illegal wildlife. You can also contact TRAFFIC- an organisation fighting the powerful poachers and pass on the information to them.
4.)Reducing pressure on natural resources:
By reducing the use of products derived from forests, such as timber and paper.
5.)Encouraging Students:the best way is to create more opportunities in the real world for trained conservationists and conservation scientists. At present, both in the Government and the non-governmental sectors, the conservation field filled with people who are professionally untrained and are as a result offering and implementing "seat of the pants" solutions, many of which don't work. Secondly, conservationists must learn to independently function as small NGO groups without looking for government doles and jobs.
6.) Institutions and people Scientists who were closely involved in managing tigers at the local level, Hemendra Panwar of India and Hemanta Mishra of Nepal, pointed out an important lesson more than a decade ago: unless local community needs are met, conservation of the tiger will not succeed and protected areas will perish. Therefore, conservation programmes
7.) Must reconcile the interests of people and tigers. In most situations, a sustainable tiger conservation strategy cannot be achieved without the full participation and collective action of individual rural households whose livelihoods depend on rights of access and use of the forests where tigers live.
8.) Technologies for conservation of resources There already exists a wide range of technologies and practices in forest and watershed management and agriculture, both traditional and new, for conservation of resources. The biological processes that regenerate forests and make agriculture less damaging to tiger habitats take time to become established
9.)Use of external institutions Institutions, such as NGOs, government departments, and banks, can facilitate processes by which local people develop their sense of ownership and commitment. When little effort is made to build local skills, interest, and capacity, people have no interest or stake in maintaining structures or practices once the incentives for conservation stop. Success hinges on people’s participation in planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation, which leads to the formation of new institutions or the strengthening of existing ones
10.)Conservation of tiger habitat and of prey In many areas peripheral to tiger habitat, grazing lands for livestock have been converted to crops or degraded by excessive use; livestock is of poor quality and of poor productivity; wood for fuel and building has been exhausted; and sources of income are limited. The rehabilitation of the natural resource base of local people is essential if they are not to seek their requirements in protected areas. This requires ecodevelopment with the support and cooperation of specialized government organs and the non-governmental conservation community.
11.) Educate the locals
People living near the forests need to be educated about the importance of tigers in terms of ecosystem. They need to be told that if there will be no tigers there will be no forests as all the grass eaters will devour the forests.
12.) Stop poaching and don't encourage poachers
Sale of tiger skin and other body parts is banned. So if you find somebody hunting tigers, report them to your local police station or even the forest officials. They will take care of the poachers.
13.) Severe punishment for poachers
Ensure that the poachers are not allowed to go easily. Make sure that they receive severe punishment for their crime.
14.) Ban the goods made of tiger skin
Please do not use goods made of tiger skin. Also please don't use the medicine made out of tiger's body parts. On an average one wild tiger is killed each day for profit killing.
15.) Protect forests
In order to save tigers forests need to be protected. Apparently the species are becoming extinct because of the loss of their natural habitat.
16.) Donate money to tiger conservation organisations
You can also donate some amount to tiger conservation organisations who are constantly striving to fund money for their research as well as educational programmes on tigers.
These are few of the ways that you can save the tigers from becoming extinct. There were eight species of tigers on the planet earth. However, three of them are already extinct save the rest five. The three species that are extinct now are Bali tigers, Javan tigers and Caspian tigers.
Local institutions and people Scientists who were closely involved in managing tigers at the local level, Hemendra Panwar of India and Hemanta Mishra of Nepal, pointed out an important lesson more than a decade ago: unless local community needs are met, conservation of the tiger will not succeed and protected areas will perish. Therefore, conservation programmes must reconcile the interests of people and tigers. In most situations, a sustainable tiger conservation strategy cannot be achieved without the full participation and collective action of individual rural households whose livelihoods depend on rights of access and use of the forests where tigers live.- Technologies for conservation of resources There already exists a wide range of technologies and practices in forest and watershed management and agriculture, both traditional and new, for conservation of resources. The biological processes that regenerate forests and make agriculture less damaging to tiger habitats take time to become established
- Use of external institutions Institutions, such as NGOs, government departments, and banks, can facilitate processes by which local people develop their sense of ownership and commitment. When little effort is made to build local skills, interest, and capacity, people have no interest or stake in maintaining structures or practices once the incentives for conservation stop. Success hinges on people’s participation in planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation, which leads to the formation of new institutions or the strengthening of existing ones
- Conservation of tiger habitat and of prey In many areas peripheral to tiger habitat, grazing lands for livestock have been converted to crops or degraded by excessive use; livestock is of poor quality and of poor productivity; wood for fuel and building has been exhausted; and sources of income are limited. The rehabilitation of the natural resource base of local people is essential if they are not to seek their requirements in protected areas. This requires ecodevelopment with the support and cooperation of specialized government organs and the non-governmental conservation community.
Aircel Launches Social Campaign 'Save Our Tigers'
AIRCEL, India’s 5th largest GSM mobile service provider initiated the campaign towards a social cause in association with WWF-India to help save our tigers. Aircel “Save Our Tiger” is the latest campaign where it intends to draw attention towards dwindling numbers of tigers across the planet and bring forward the seriousness of losing tigers from our planet.Even companies like Aircel ,IBM,Nokia and many more are working to save tigers...than why cant we???
Tuesday, 5 June 2012
PROJECT TIGER
Project Tiger was incorporated in 1973 with nine tiger reserves covering an area of 16,339 sq.km., which has increased to 37,761 sq.km. in 27 Tiger Reserves. The budgetary provision of the Government of India during 1973 was only Rs. 23 million, which has increased to 230 million during 2000-2001.
In the beginning of the 1970s, once tiger hunting had officially been banned in India, a tiger count was done across the entire country. This lead to the astonishing discovery that only 1800 specimens of this magnificent animal were left. This jolted the concerned authorities and some serious thought went into devising plans to save the tiger. The result was the launch of "Project Tiger" in 1972 at the Dhikala Forest Rest House in Corbett National Park. The main idea behind the project was to provide safe havens for tigers where they could flourish as a species and hopefully reverse the startling decline in their population. The project initially had 9 parks that were chosen for it's implementation. This number has slowly risen and a total of 19 parks are now attached to the project. The project was begun in association with and still receives its main funding from the WWF.
Although the experts affirm that the project has its shortcomings, the increase in the populations of the tiger is clearly evident to even the common man. Many experts had predicted that the tiger would be extinct by the turn of the century, but, whoever may be responsible, the tiger has proudly proved them wrong. Tiger population may not still be in thrilling numbers and poaching still may be quite rampant but a lot more effort is being put into saving this beautiful animal. This is good news for the entire natural treasure of the country because if the tiger flourishes, so will the jungle and vice-versa.
The Project tiger was launched in India in 1972 as conservation programme for saving the Indian Tiger Population. Some of the best examples of this programmes success can be seen in the national parks situated in the high Himalayan region, to the mangrove swamps of the Sundarbans and the thorny scrubs of Rajasthan. But more wildlife conservation laws and awareness among people is still required to make Indian sanctuaries a safe haven for tigers.
Project Tiger Scheme
Project Tiger Scheme has been under implementation since 1973 as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Government of India.
The aim of Project Tiger is to ensure a viable population of tiger in India for economic, aesthetic, cultural and ecological values and to preserve areas of biological importance as natural heritage. Project tiger scheme includes wildlife management, protection measures and site specific eco development to reduce the dependency on tiger reserve resources.
At the turn of the century, the estimated tiger population in India was placed at 40,000 but the first ever all India tiger census in 1972 shockingly revealed the existence of only 1827 tigers. Before that a ban on tiger hunting was imposed in the year 1970 and in 1972 the Wildlife Protection Act came into force. Thereafter a 'Task Force' was set up to formulate a project for tiger conservation.
With the launch of Project tiger in 1973, various tiger reserves were created in different parts of the country on a 'core-buffer' strategy. Under this strategy, the core areas were freed from all human activities and the buffer areas were to have 'conservation oriented land use'. Initially, 9 tiger reserves were established in different States during the period 1973-74. These nine Tiger reserves were Manas (Assam), Palamau (Bihar), Similipal (Orissa), Corbett (U.P.), Kanha (M.P.), Melghat (Maharashtra), Bandipur (Karnataka), Ranthambore (Rajasthan) and Sunderbans (West Bengal).
The main achievements of this project are excellent recovery of the habitat and consequent increase in the tiger population in the reserve areas, from a mere 268 in 9 reserves in 1972 to 1576 in 27 reserves in 2003.
Objective
The main objective of Project Tiger is to ensure a viable population of tiger in India for scientific , economic , aesthetic , cultural and ecological values and to preserve for all time, areas of biological importance as a natural heritage for the benefit, education and enjoyment of the people. Main objectives under the scheme include wildlife management, protection measures and site specific ecodevelopment to reduce the dependency of local communities on tiger reserve resources.
Initially, the Project started with 9 tiger reserves, covering an area of 16,339 sq.km., with a population of 268 tigers. At present there are 27 tiger reserves covering an area of 37761 sq.km., with a population of 1498 tigers. This amounts to almost 1.14% of the total geographical area of the country. The selection of reserves was guided by representation of ecotypical wilderness areas across the biogeographic range of tiger distribution in the country. Project Tiger is undisputedly a custodian of major gene pool. It is also a repository of some of the most valuable ecosystem and habitats for wildlife.Tiger Reserves are constituted on a 'core-buffer' strategy. The core area is kept free of biotic disturbances and forestry operations, where collection of minor forest produce, grazing, human disturbances are not allowed within. However, the buffer zone is managed as a ‘multiple use area’ with twin objectives of providing habitat supplement to the spill over population of wild animals from the core conservation unit, and to provide site specific ecodevelopmental inputs to surrounding villages for relieving their impact on the core. Except for the National Parks portion if contained within, normally no relocation of villages is visualised in the buffer area, and forestry operations, NTFP collection and other rights and concessions to the local people are permitted in a regulated manner to complement the initiatives in the core unit.
Project Tiger has put the tiger on an assured course of recovery from the brink of extinction, and has resurrected the floral and faunal genetic diversity in some of our unique and endangered wilderness ecosystem. The population of tigers in the country has increased significantly to about 4000 from less than 2000 at the time of launch of the project.
The effective protection and concerted conservation measures inside the reserves have brought about considerable intangible achievements also, viz. arresting erosion, enrichment of water regime thereby improving the water table and overall habitat resurrection. Labour intensive activities in tiger reserves have helped in poverty alleviation amongst the most backward sections, and their dependence on forests has also reduced. The project has been instrumental in mustering local support for conservation programme in general.
Approach:
* Elimination of all forms of human exploitation and disturbance from the core and rationalisation of such activities in the buffer.
* Limitation of the habitat management to repair damage done by man.
* Researching facts about habitat and wild animals and carefully monitoring changes in flora and fauna.
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List of Tiger Reserves in India
Bandhavgarh
Bandipur
Bhadra
Bori-Satpura
Buxa
Corbett
Dampa
Dudhwa
Indravati
Kalakad-Mundanthurai
Kanha
Manas
Melghat
Nagarjunasagar
Namdapha
Pakhui-Nameri
Palamau
Panna
Pench (Madhya Pradesh)
Pench (Maharashtra)
Periyar
Ranthambore
Sariska
Similipal
Sundarbans
Tadoba-Andhra
Valmiki
Why should we save tigers?
Not only is tiger a beautiful animal but it is also the indicator of the forest's health. Saving the tiger means we save the forest since tiger cannot live in places where trees have vanished and in turn secure food and water for all.
If we make sure tigers live, we have to make sure that deer, antelope and all other animals that the tiger eats (its prey base) live. To make sure that these herbivores live, we must make sure that all the trees, grass and other plants that these prey animals need for food are protected. In this way, the whole forest gets saved! Saving the tiger means saving its entire forest kingdom with all the other animals in it.
Also forests catch and help store rainwater and protect soils. In this way we protect our rivers and recharge groundwater sources. Areas with less trees lead to floods, killing people and destroying homes. It takes away the precious soil, leaving behind a wasteland. The soil jams up our lakes and dams, reducing their ability to store water. By destroying the tiger's home, we not only harm tigers, but also ourselves.
The tiger thus becomes the symbol for the protection of all species on our earth since it is at the top of the food chain. This is why we sometimes call the tiger, an apex predator, an indicator of our ecosystem's health
Our survival is dependent on the natural environment as it provides us with clean air, food and water. Tigers are at the apex of the food pyramid and are indicators of a healthy environment. The ‘Web of Life’: all things in nature, including humans, are interrelated - changing any component of the web will impact others. In saving the tiger we are protecting the entire ecosystem and all its inhabitants.
We should save tigers because:
1. A home for tigers = a home for others
With just one tiger, we protect around 100 sq km of forest.
To save tigers, we need to protect the forest habitats across Asia where they live. And by saving these places, we will not only allow tigers to roam freely, but also many other endangered species that live there and form the very thing that makes our planet unique – biodiversity.
2. Healthy tiger populations = healthy ecosystems
As a large predator, the tiger plays a key role in maintaining healthy ecosystems.
These ecosystems supply both nature and people with fresh water, food, and many other vital services – which means by saving the tiger, we are helping people too.
How's that for a win-win deal?
3. Tigers are a lifeline for many people
Tigers can directly help some of the world’s poorest communities.
For one thing, where tigers exist, tourists go. And where tourists go, money can be made by communities with few alternatives for making a living.
Tiger conservation projects also help provide other alternative livelihoods for rual communities, that are not only more sustainable but which can raise income levels too.
4. The tiger is a survivor
The tiger has evolved over thousands of years.
Now this big cat is being trapped, skinned, and pushed out of its home. And yet it clings to survival, barely, in a few patches of forest scattered across Asia.
That's enough of a reason to give this species a fighting chance to make it into the next decade.
save tiger
It is time that emergency and drastic steps are taken to save the pride of jungle and pride of India from becoming extinct.
The causes of the fast decrease in the Tiger population are well known both by the
government and common people. The increasing pressure on Tiger habitats due to
agriculture,industrialization and degradation and fragmentation of natural habitats, forests and natural grasslands are one of the main reasons for the decrease of Tiger population and for that matter all wildlife in India. The immediate effect of this is lack of natural food and habitat causes the wild animals to come out of the forest area. This tends to increase the conflicts between the humans and animals. The other reason for the population decrease is Poaching, which has been on rise recently. There is a slogan I have been hearing for quit some time, " If the buying stops, the selling will stop". I think the rich people who are the only one who can afford buying the skins for their fancies are probably deaf, as they cannot seem to hear the slogan.
The poaching problem should be dealt with strictly by the Government of India and the concerned State Governments. The Forest Department of India is severely understaffed and they do not have the modern weapons and technology to protect the Forest areas. The laws for the animal protection should be revised.
The poachers should be shot dead on sight. How can a forest guard armed with a stick [danda] or an outdated rifle fight the heavily armed poachers to protect the animals. It is time the Government of India acts urgently.
The people of India should also join hands to save the Tiger. NDTV India has started a
campaign to save the Tigers,TIGERS ARE ON the threshold of extinction. According to WWF, Tigers are amongst the ten most endangered species in the world. Over the last century more than 95 per cent of the Tiger population has been wiped out & three sub-species are already extinct. Less than 3500 tigers remain in the wild today with around 50 per cent in India and their numbers are declining fast. The world is abuzz with news, views and moves in a bid to save the Tiger. With just 1411 tigers left in India as per the last count, the government is worried on how to save the national animal. And thus from cellular phone companies to potato chip manufacturers,every other big brand is being roped in to promote the cause.- a cause that is one of the prime concerns of the nation right now.But why do we save the tigers? This articles talks about the reason to behind the worldwide movement to save the big cats. In simple words this piece reasons out why you and me, the common man should be interested in saving the tigers.
Not only is the tiger a beautiful animal but it is also the indicator of the forest's
health. Saving the tiger means we save the forest since the tiger cannot live in places
where trees have vanished and in turn secure food and water for all. If we make sure tigers live, we will have to make sure that deer, antelope and all other animals that the tiger eats or its prey base live. To make sure that these herbivores live, we must make sure that all the trees, grass and other plants that these prey animals need for food are protected.In short, in this way the whole forest gets saved! Saving the tiger means indirectly saving the forests and in turn saving the environment that is reeling under global warming due to massive deforestation. Felling trees takes away the precious soil, leaving behind a wasteland. The soil jams up our lakes and dams, reducing their ability to store water. By destroying the tiger's home, we not only harm tigers, but also ourselves. The tiger thus becomes the symbol for the protection of all species on our earth since it is at the top of the food-chain. This is why we sometimes call the tiger, an apex predator and an indicator of our ecosystem's health. In short, saving the tiger means saving the earth.
Save tigers,
save our earth!
Currently the countries of the world are on the way of the development,
development like changing world into modern and more facilitate environment such as growing of construction business. Before more years the earth is bounded by greenery, but today that is one the way to lost. Number of the forests is reduced on the earth, so we are facing effect of global warming that is the change of climate
on the world.
One look to the India, same situation is here. India is also growing in the
development.There are number of the forests in the India can be reduced, that affects the live life of animals, birds. Everyone of the world come together for protect live life.
Tiger is the national animal of India. Tiger shows strength and huge power of India. Tiger is the pride of India. Tiger is the Indian pride so its time for every Indian comes together for taking steps for saving the tiger in India.
Today the world is developed with powerful technology so you can use the many techniques to save the tigers in India like sms, blogs, articles, advertisement. This process becomes one of the most effective steps to give sound to the Indians for saving tiger life.
EARLY this year, a warning was sounded that there were no tigers in the Sariska reserve in Rajasthan. Soon it became clear that many of the other tiger reserves fared no better, raising serious questions about the practice of tiger conservation and wildlife management in the country.
If the crisis had to be tackled, the real situation in the reserves had to be understood. A Tiger Task Force was set up in April by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh to probe the disappearance of the tigers in Sariska. The panel submitted its report earlier in August, along with a dissent note by one of its members. The primary difference was essentially over ways to manage the reserves and conserve the tiger. The people's concern about the issue was heightened by the fundamental differences between the dissenting member and the rest of the Task Force.Public concern about the dwindling tiger population is not new in India. In the late 1960s, the situation of the big cat in India had attracted world-wide attention. Following this, India's first Task Force on tigers was constituted under the chairmanship of Dr. Karan Singh, a keen conservationist and a Rajya Sabha member at the time. Its report, submitted in 1972, formed the blueprint for India's tiger conservation programme called Project Tiger.
In the 1970s, eight tiger reserves were set up in different ecological systems. Each had human settlements in them, which brought enormous pressure on the reserves and the conservation programme. Thus the first Task Force, in an attempt to restrict human activity within the reserves, designated the core of each reserve as a national park and banned all human activity there; the rest of the reserve was termed the buffer area and could sustain human activity. The idea was to relocate people from the core areas, but they could coexist with the cats in the buffer areas.
Since then, 28 tiger reserves have been created across the country. But two Task Forces and 30 years later, the problem of coexistence still persists. In fact, it has worsened. People continue to live in both the core and the buffer areas, the resettlement processes seem to have hardly taken off, and more people have moved into the reserves for various reasons, including deforestation, land degradation and poverty.
THE reports of tigers vanishing from the Sariska reserve came in December 2004. In March 2005, in its interim report, the Wildlife Institute of India confirmed that there were indeed no tigers in Sariska. The Prime Minister then asked the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) to probe the matter.According to the CBI report, since 2002 poachers have been killing tigers in the reserve; the last of the six big cats were killed in 2004. The CBI pointed to the involvement of the local people. A Tiger Task Force comprising five eminent environmentalists, ecologists and conservationists was soon set up, with Sunita Narain, Director of the Centre for Environment and Science, as the chairperson. The Task Force was to look into Sariska's problem in particular and find out if the problem extended to the other reserves as well.
The Task Force was asked to suggest measures to strengthen tiger conservation; improve the methods of tiger counting and forecasting; place data on tiger conservation in the public domain; work out a new reserves management paradigm; and induce local communities, forest staff and tiger reserve managers to help in the conservation of tigers.According to the Task Force report, Sariska is a pointer to the total collapse of institutions and management systems. The main issue, it points out, is not only of saving the tiger but doing it in the Indian situation, where people have been living inside forests for generations.
While pointing out that forest-dwellers should be relocated wherever possible to ease the biotic pressure on the forests and tigers, the report recommends coexistence between man and animal in other areas owing to the scarcity of land and the paucity of funds (the relocation of all families living inside the 28 tiger reserves is estimated to cost Rs.11,508 crores).
The report states: "The protection of the tiger is inseparable from the protection of the forests it roams in. But the protection of these forests is itself inseparable from the fortunes of people who, in India, inhabit forest areas." The report therefore recommends: "The habitat must be shared between the people and the tigers, so that both can coexist, as they must. The poverty of one, otherwise, will be the destruction of the other."But conservationists who brook no human-tiger coexistence within the reserve areas, argue that the premise of continued coexistence over vast landscapes where tigers thrive ecologically, and people thrive economically, is a recipe for disaster. The Task Force recommendation to relocate people from the priority villages and to devise strategies for coexistence in the other villages, they say, is a bundle of contradictions. They point out that the inherent contradictions in the solution would only lead to further degradation of the tiger habitat.According to them, many communities have lived in equilibrium within forest habitats in the past. But those were times when fewer people lived in the forests and used the resources purely for their own consumption. But today, the numbers of forest-dwellers have gone up and with forest areas shrinking, they put tremendous pressure on the forests and the tigers.
Conservationists argue that each tiger needs to eat at least 50 cow-size animals a year to survive, and if a tiger has to share space with cows and people, the conflict between tiger and man will be eternal and perennial, detrimental to both. They argue that the areas falling within the reserves - barely 1 per cent of the country's land area - should be made inviolate and people living within these areas must be relocated. This, they say, is the only way to resolve the issue and save the tiger.
But the Task Force report argues that nearly half of the tiger population, in fact, lives outside the reserves. It also points out that several families from the 80 villages near the reserves, which were relocated in the past, have returned to the forests. This, the conservationists say, is because of the failure of the resettlement schemes and the way they were implemented. According to conservation and wildlife film-maker Shekar Dattatri (The Hindu, August 13, 2005), a decentralised process, with realistic budgets and involving good local non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and the handholding of the settlers until they find their feet outside the reserve areas can save the tigers and improve the lives of the people.
The Task Force report, while agreeing that relocation of all forest dwellers is the ideal solution, wonders where the funds would come from, particularly considering that 1,500 villages (66,516 families) still lie within the reserve areas and hardly 80 villages (2,904 families) have been relocated in the past 30 years. At the government-stipulated norm of Rs.1 lakh to relocate a family, the cost works out to Rs.665 crores plus land cost (Rs.11,508 crores at an enhanced rate of Rs.2.5 lakh for a family, including the land cost, which will be Rs.9,645 crores). Contrast this with the Rs.373 crores spent on Project Tiger by both the Central and the States governments in the past 30 years.Conservationists point to such reserves as the Bhadra in Karnataka as good relocation projects, which can be emulated. The report, however, stresses the fact that the Bhadra reserve had spent Rs.8.3 lakhs (including the land cost) to relocate each family. While even Rs.1 lakh to relocate one family is hard to put together, it is difficult to imagine how the country can set aside funds at Rs.8.3 lakh a family for the 1,500 villages located within the reserve areas. Apart from the money, the administration and logistics of relocation are crucial factors, particularly as hardly any land is available for relocation, the report says.
Conservationists argue that the welfare of the communities living inside the forests cannot be ensured by a one-size-fits-all solution. There is a need to devise pragmatic, area-specific solutions that take into account the aspirations of the local people as well as the precarious situation of the reserve areas.
Though there were once as many as 150,000 tigers in the world, there are now only about4,000-5,000. Of the original eight species of tigers, only three are still in existence.Today, there are about 2,500 of the Indian Royal Bengal tigers left. There are also 1,000 Indo-Chinese tigers, 300 Siberian tigers, 300 Sumatran tigers and 20 South China tigers.As a result, the Indian tigers seem to be the most likely to survive in the future. However,it
will even be difficult for them, and their chance of survival might be quite low.Every day,one Indian tiger dies. If this rate of death is allowed to continue, all species of tigers throughout the world will be extinct by 2010.
To prevent this scenario, the Save-the-Tiger Campaign and Project Tiger have successfully created tiger reserves and convinced the Indian government to ban tiger hunting. In the longer term, the groups hope to educate the Indian people about the threat of the extinction of the tigers so that they can help to ensure the tiger's survival.
In an effort to save the remaining tigers in India, the Indian conservation group Tiger
Trust (TT) has begun to work to help the tigers in India's Kanha and Bandhavgarh tiger reserves.Currently, India's tiger population is being seriously threatened by poaching and territory loss. Many traditional medicine markets require tigers, and the growing population of people and cattle in India are taking over land that had been formerly occupied by tigers.formerly occupied by tigers.
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